How to Maintain Good Laboratory Practice

How to Maintain Good Laboratory Practice Good laboratory practice Introduction Good laboratory practice have principles which give structure to the studies of which they are planned, performed, monitored, recorded, reported and archived. These studies are undertaken to generate data by which the hazards and risks to users, consumers including the environment, can be assessed for pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, veterinary medicines, industrial chemicals, cosmetics, food and feed additives and biocides. Purpose Good laboratory practice provides results from the study which are reliable and can be used for making risk/safety assessments. The Good laboratory practice regulations provide an interpretation of the terminology used in defining the elements of GLP. Here are few examples Study plan – this is a document which shows why an experiment is being carried out and how it should be performed in order to comply with Good laboratory practice. Study Director- dealing with Good laboratory compliant Study personnel- all the people that carry out the experiments Study initiation Date – Date that the study first signs the study plan Study Plan Amendment – an intended change to study plan after the initial study date Standard operating procedures – sufficiently detailed work instructions to allow the procedure to be repeated exactly the same way each time by any operator. Findings Raw materials Raw materials are reagents used in processing. They are classified regarding identification of samples for example Enzymes which are used in the study. Storage instructions Expiry date Quality e.g. purity of a chemical Source of the material, preparation date and stability Cell culture Equipment maintenance and calibration All the equipment must be clean to function reliably. For each piece of equipment there should be: A number for identification of the apparatus. A calibration check (should be traceable to national or international standards) Validation that equipment fir for purpose Staff should be trained to use equipment Operating and parameters Clean equipment Data logging and tracking Transport Delivering chemicals by roads or by train have the possibilities of accidents. If there is a leak it could cause a spillage which can cause cars to slide and hit each other which could potentially lead to an explosion which could cause fatalities as well as damage to the nearby surroundings. Customer services The aim is to build up a trust between clients and the company. Any reported problem from any client should be followed up and dealt with to the highest standard possible. Labelling, storage, packing All the reagents must be fully labelled with: Name of reagent Who made it? Date the item was prepared Expiry date Storage conditions Hazard labels Name of the company or institution If the reagent is not labelled there is no evince of what it is! Storing/Packing of data Materials required to be stored include: The study plan, raw data, samples of test and reference items, specimens and final report of each study The records of all inspection performed by the quality assurance Personal records Records and reports of the maintenance and calibration of equipment Validation documentation for computerise systems SOPs Environmental monitoring records The materials retained should be properly indexed and movement of information should be noted. Training For high quality GLP training, you need experienced Course Directors. Each Course Directors have to be from senior level scientific, regulatory and management positions in a variety of organisations and industries. Procedures SOPs stands for Standard operating producers SOPs is a factor which in the production of products fit for their intended use. All the operators must be aware of all the relevant SOPs and implement them correctly. If there is a failure carrying them out correctly it means that it can lead to the production of products harmful, and potentially lethal to customers. Implementing of quality standards for example what must happen in a work place to ensure compliance? Everyone in the lab should know what they are doing. In implementing Good Lab Practice the study director is the single point of control for a given study and has the responsibility for its overall conduct and finial report. Standard Operating procedures A key aspect of the study personnel’s role in ensuring good lab practice compliance in their work is the writing and implementation of standard operating procedures. These are work instruction, which are accurately detailed to allow the procedure to be repeated exactly the same way each time by any operator Internal mentoring Those who have been in long term employment would be expected to encourage and support new and younger staff members. Giving guidance where it is needed. Quality assurance (QA) Quality assurance refers to all actions necessary to provide confidence that the product or service will satisfy the prescribed requirement for quality. QA involves the setting up of a quality system, and overseeing that this system is being implemented correctly. In short, quality assurance does exactly what it says. By considering all the aspects of the business process it ensures that the work being done will meet the required standard. The responsibilities of the Quality Assurance: maintain copies of all approved study plans and Standard Operating Procedures in use in the test facility and have access to an up-to-date copy of the master schedule Verify that the study plan contains the information required for compliance with these Principles of Good Laboratory Practice. Recording of primary data Log Book is a primary source of raw data in any process. It provides evidence which may be used in a court law it might also be sued in patent applications or used as a cross reference in auditing work. Monitoring temperatures in incubators or fridges Monitoring temperature is very important in lab. For the operation of fridges and freezers we need to consider what temperature should it run at ? The required limit e.g. 4oC +/- -2oC All fridges used for the storage of medicines must have the temperature monitored daily to ensure the correct storage of those medicines. Maintenance of log book: Bound note book should only be used. The hand writing should be clear so that operators can understand it. Blue or black ink must be used in order to prevent fading and allow documents to be photocopied easily. All pages should be numbered to prevent pages being removed. All data should be recorded. All data should be verified through the use of signatures and witnesses. Correction should be verified by being signed and dated. Blank lines or pages should be crossed out with a diagonal line signed and dated. All detailed information about instruments, samples, materials, and equipment should be included. The logbook should be stored in a secure location. Regulator Bodies which are involved in ensuring compliance with the chosen standard are the governments and the trade association. Inspectors carry out biennial inspections of all labs within the UK that perform regulatory studies that require to be conducted to Good Lab Practice After a satisfactory inspection by GLPMA, be issued with a statement of GLP compliance. The GLPMA provides information to trade association and other Governments departments on aspects of GLP. Regulators: Governments The Governments are responsible for enforcing the regulations in GLP on the behalf of the UK Monitoring Authority MHRA Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Veterinary Medicines Directorate (DEFRA) Pesticides safety Directorate (DEFRA) Food standard Agency for example feed addictives, novel and foods, food additives and food contaminants ) Health and safety executive Environment Agency Trade associations Monitoring compliance; Association of British pharmaceutical industry Association of consultant bioscience industry Crop protection association British Association of research quality Assurance Chemical aspects of Toxicology Discussion Group. Association of independent research testing organisations United Kingdom accreditation service.

Avarice in the Crucible

Cambria Anderson Petersen AP English III/Period 3 11 November 2012 Avarice and Vengeance in The Crucible The play The Crucible takes place during the Salem Witch Trials of the 1800s. Yet Arthur Miller does not reveal the tragedy of the witch trials in the manner expected. Miller expresses the underlying causes of the accusations made as those stemming from personal greed and the feeling of revenge. Abigail Williams, Mr. and Mrs. Putnam, and Reverend Samuel Parris all have their own agendas as to why they â€Å"cry witch† on others in their village.Miller outlines the history between Abigail Williams and John Proctor in Act One: Abigail was removed from the Proctor home by Elizabeth, Proctor’s wife, because of an affair happening between her and Proctor. Because of this, Abigail harbors a hate and jealousy towards Elizabeth. In Act Two, a warrant was sent for Elizabeth’s arrest: The girl, the Williams girl, Abigail Williams, sir. She sat to dinner in Reverend Parr is’ house tonight, and without word nor warnin’ she falls to the floor.Like a struck beast, [Parris] says, and screamed a scream that a bull would weep to hear. And [Parris] goes to save her, and, stuck two inches in the flesh of her belly, he draw a needle out. And demandin’ of her how she come to be so stabbed, she [†¦] testify it were your wife’s familiar spirit pushed it in. (Miller 79) Abigail knew that from the beginning of the witch scare that she could exact revenge on those who she felt wronged her or took something from her, which would be the case of Elizabeth.Abigail knew Mary Warren made a doll, and was planning to give it to Elizabeth; she also saw Mary Warren stick the needle back in. Abigail took advantage of the situation to provide seemingly irrefutable evidence of witchcraft on Elizabeth’s part. Through this, Proctor sees that vengeance runs these trials, and how easily people turn on one another to get what they want. Proct or also knows that Abigail’s revenge has no limits; she has no shame, and always believes that she is right, much like the character of her uncle, Reverend Parris.At this point, Proctor had to juggle keeping his past a secret from the public and protecting Elizabeth, as Abigail will turn on anyone who â€Å"wrongs† her. Mr. Thomas Putnam and Mrs. Ann Putnam have a sorrowful history of losing their newborn children, while only having one that survives. Mrs. Putnam finds comfort in blaming their midwife, Sarah Osburn, for the deaths, saying, â€Å"I begged [Thomas] not to call Osburn because I feared her. My babies always shriveled in her hands! (I. 50). Mrs. Putnam finds that crying witch on Goody Osburn would solve the â€Å"murder† of her children, yet does not desire to take into account her own role in her pregnancy, being that Miller says she is fourty-five years old (I. 13). Mrs. Putnam, in a way, wants someone to feel the pain of losing seven children, be ing that she is a selfish woman – putting her child in the dangers of witchcraft to find the identity of the person who â€Å"killed† her babies.Accusing someone of witchcraft, and potentially running their life, was the perfect way to exact her so-called â€Å"revenge†. Although Reverend Parris never accused anyone of witchcraft, he refuses to defend Proctor of any charges brought up against him – from insulting the court to claims of witchcraft. In Act Three, Parris takes Proctor’s depositions from Corey Giles and Mary Warren personally, warning Judge Danforth that â€Å"[†¦] since [he] come to Salem [Proctor] is blackening [his] name [†¦]† (110) and â€Å"[Proctor]’s come to overthrow this court, Your Honor! (97). Aside from trying to protect his reputation, Parris makes such allegations about Proctor in an attempt to prove Proctor as an unreliable messenger. Parris wants to get vengeance for what he feels Proctor has do ne to him, just as Abigail wants revenge on Elizabeth. But, these alleged wrong-doings have only come from Parris’s mouth; he seems to enjoy taking things personal when they come from Proctor, and the courtroom scene is the perfect place for Parris to return the hate he feels from Proctor.The Salem Witch Trials proved to be a time of tragedy and mass hysteria as accusations ran rapidly through the small Massachusetts village. The source of the witchcraft charges came from the village people’s personal greed and want of retribution, as well as many other contributing factors. Abigail, Parris, and the Putnams all used this situation to their advantage, hoping to get some personal satisfaction out of their charges, thus ruining lives of their victims: Elizabeth Proctor, John Proctor, and Sarah Osburn.

The New Fuss About Statement of Purpose Graduate School Sample Essays

The New Fuss About Statement of Purpose Graduate School Sample Essays Using Statement of Purpose Graduate School Sample Essays Read these to get a notion of what things to expect when writing yours. It isn't important to us, whether you're too busy on the job concentrating on a passion undertaking, or simply tired of a seemingly infinite stream of assignments. Don't be worried if the writing feels raw as you're working out what you wish to say. In case you have any understanding of pedagogy whatsoever, you would be wise to bring it up here. Thus, you will know all that is necessary. They all are positive. When it's space for an address it's possible to place it. Rent receipts might also be handy for your landlord. The Little-Known Secrets to Statement of Purpose Graduate School Sample Essays If you can't be strong for your customers, then you are not likely to be in a position to give them with the support they require. Possessing technical skills will raise your odds o f getting employed. While everyone needs to be different, personal statement examples can help you brainstorm ideas and provide you with somewhere to start. For some individuals, however, it might not be recommended. What About Statement of Purpose Graduate School Sample Essays? The personal statement isn't a confessional booth. You probably know all of the information which you would like to include, or you know the very best location to find it. Our customer support will gladly tell you whether there are any special offers at the present time, in addition to make sure you are getting the very best service our business can deliver. There are many reasons why you need to prefer our services. The Upside to Statement of Purpose Graduate School Sample Essays Financial analysis is essential to comprehend, project company. Unless you can make your application stick out from the applicants you could find which you aren't chosen that you want. The SOP is utilised to decide whethe r the candidate is a jerk. The XYZ Engineering program has historically been and is still a leader in the discipline of innovation. If you don't, it's possible to actually hurt your odds of admission. You are able to also speak about how you might respond differently later on. Jobs There are NGOS that concentrate on the conservation of artifacts, monuments and other things of historical significance throughout the world. Social workers have to do more to convince medical insurance providers and employers of the significance of supplying time off, together with covering the expense of rehabilitation. In Paragraph 5, you use the word you (But if you would like to attain something) when you're attempting to make an overall statement and aren't actually attempting to tell the reader what things to do. Perhaps you've been staring at a blank page for some time now, attempting to determine how to compose a statement of purpose. Last, you ask yourself within this paragraph why you chose to select the job, but you needn't provided an answer. To begin with, you must tie it to the prior paragraph by utilizing a transition sentence. That means you must make sure that your statement differs. A statement of purpose isn't where to showcase your academic writing chops. So your own personal statement will usually be the only ways. When you feel as if you've written the ideal statement of purpose you can, it's time to receive another opinion. The Unexpected Truth About Statement of Purpose Graduate School Sample Essays It is possible to also acquire many discounts on our site which will help you to save some more money for future orders or anything you want to spend them on. So as to work legally in another nation, you typically require a work permit or visa, which can be challenging or complicated to obtain all on your own, even with hired help. Another benefit of our website is the quickness. It's possible to download a house rent receipt template from web for at no cost. Pursuing a Master's Degree or a Doctoral Degree may be one of the most important decision a professional could possibly make. Students lead busy lives and frequently forget about a coming deadline. History is often regarded as a degree resulting in a career in education. Experience for a Student 1. Because that job is intimidating, it's often hard to choose where to begin. When there's one last bit of advice I want to provide you, it's not to use any portion of your statement for a place to create excuses. When facing a challenge, it's simple to stop. Essays are a typical component of the majority of graduate and professional school. On occasion the essay is known as a personal statement, sometimes it's referred to as a statement of purpose, and at times the instructions are as straightforward as write an essay. It would have been so much less difficult to compose a sort-of-okay essay and continue on. All essays and documents have to be uploaded to the internet application in.doc. In addition, there are helpful comments about what works in each one of these essays. You can trust the ideal essay help online. Our site is just one of the most appropriate for essay help. The actual folks highly praise our essay help site.

Gender Inequality Between Men And Women - 1255 Words

However feminism maintains that women are treated in an unfair ways. Social gender roles lead to various forms of inequality and disparity between men and women, which in relation to the socio economic, political and cultural ideologies plays a negative role in girls (Asley 2014) .While some societies, defend gender differences based on their cultural norms and religious beliefs, this tends to restrict women physical and mental space.†Across social classes girls tends to have less physical mobility than boys and thus less freedom to move to larger towns or other countries to continue their education†(Lauder et all.pg 970).This norms also restrict the choice of discipline, occupation or field of study. While women, for their years of†¦show more content†¦However the experience of being male or female differs from culture to culture and individuals tend to be socialized to conform to specific gender expectations of them. The biological male tends to take up the mas culine roles and masculine ways of acting, with females taken on the famine ways of thinking and behaving (Kamala 2000) Gender The concept of gender in simple terms is used to describe the social attributes connected to being a male or female in a given society. Gender is an analytical tool that is socially constructed to differentiate the differences in behaviour and the biological difference between men and women. The writings of feminists are focused on these aspects which claim that the differences are not biological but social constructions of a patriarchal society. Which describe men to be superior and women to be subordinate to men. (Jane 2005). This phenomenon is been described tobe stereotyped household and occupational roles with stereotyped traits, that portrays women and girls as passive conformists while boys and men do the lively things that is filled with fun.( UNESCO,2007) The disparity between policy and reality according to unterhalters (2007) lies in how gender as a noun to mean: how many boys and girls have access to education and as an adjective to mean: the gender social relation and identities that influence both sex schooling and the traditional assumptions about boys and girls are beenShow MoreRelatedGender Inequality Between Men And Women1094 Words   |  5 PagesWomen always have to face the gender equality, in any country. There will always be some problem regarding the topic gender inequality between men and women was socially constructed and has existed for only about 6000 years (page no.293). From thousand years ago, the society characterised by patriarchy. A system in which power is in the hands of men and many aspects of women’s life controlled by men. However, 20th century started to change everything and we saw lots of change even now. Society beganRead MoreGender Inequality Between Women And Men1445 Words   |  6 Pagesaca demia, gender may contribute to one’s treatment in secondary and tertiary erudition. Gender plays a role in the inequality between women and men in the educational field resulting in wage gaps, sexual harassment, and underrepresentation. Others claim that these conditions are not based on gender, but on the individual’s circumstances. Throughout this research, women and men alike can grasp a more understanding approach to the differences in treatment in academe. Because inequality results inRead MoreGender Inequality Between Men And Women908 Words   |  4 Pagesand â€Å"gender† synonymously, it’s important to recognize the difference between the two. In West and Zimmerman’s article, â€Å"Doing Gender,† they make this distinction. Sex is defined as â€Å"biology: anatomy, hormones, and physiology,† and gender is â€Å"an achieved status: that which is constructed through psychological, cultural, and social means† (West and Zimmerman; 125). Michael Kimmel, the author of The Gendered Society and a sociologist at Stony Brook University in New York, further defines gender as â€Å"[referring]Read MoreGender Inequality Between Men And Women996 Words   |  4 Pagesvery well. In Source A, States Attack the Pay Gay Between Men and Women by Teresa Wiltz, she writes about her experience at a company and how she is still paid less than a new employee. Source B consists of Laura Finley giving scenarios to back up her opinions on why the gender pay gap is a myth in Differences in Pay Rates Between Men and Women do not Prove the Existence of Gender Inequality. Both sources give valid points about the wage gap The gender wage gap issue is prevalent in many families acrossRead MoreThe Inequality Between Men And Women Based Solely On Gender1025 Words   |  5 Pagesthe inequality between men and women based solely on gender. This dilemma is one that occurs across every continent and has been the subject of many riots, protests, and discussions since the early centuries. Gender inequality can happen in any setting, time, and place. However, gender inequality is highly likely inside the workplace. Many employers discriminate against woman and sometimes then do not even know that what they are saying or doing is considered discrimination. Gender inequality in theRead MoreGender Inequality : An Ordinal Hierarchy Between Men And Women2498 Words   |  10 PagesGender equality has always been a prominent and complex subject in society, ‘a hotly contested concept [as] the precise meaning remains subject to continuous change and, as a result, to political struggle’, (Ridgeway, 2011: P reface). Ridgeway (2011: 3) defines gender inequality as ‘an ordinal hierarchy between men and women in material resources, power, and status’. Despite the considerable progress that has been made over the past decades, ‘a pattern of gender hierarchy has remained in which menRead MoreGender Differences And Gender Inequality1717 Words   |  7 Pages Gender differences and gender inequality are sometimes used interchangeably but do not refer to the same thing. The two concepts are common in gender literature; however, they are not uniform across different cultures based on the degree of conservative attitudes present. The significant differences between sexes and used as arguments against equal rights primarily against women’s rights. Hence, the gender issue has continually been created in light of the standard views or conceptions ofRead MoreGender Inequality Within A Competitive Athletic Workplace870 Words   |  4 PagesDecember 9, 2015 Gender Inequality What are the types of gender inequality in this world? Inequality is when there are two things that are not the same. For example, antonyms, they are when two objects don t have similar qualities. This means there are differences between the two. It can be beneficial or very discriminating. The definition for gender inequality is the unequal treatment, or perceptions of individuals based on their gender. Gender inequality is between the male and femaleRead MoreInequality is a Fact of Life and Yet Condemned as an Offense to Civilized Society1253 Words   |  5 PagesInequality is presumed to be a fact of life and condemned as an offence to civilised society. The debates associated with inequality have changed over time and have been portrayed in different contexts. Inequalities can be distinguished in terms of whether they are inequalities of opportunity, inequalities of outcome, inequalities of access or inequalities in entitlement (Platt 2011). Inequality is also different iated as to whether they are just or unjust, avoidable or unavoidable, or naturally orRead MoreGender Inequality Is The Unequal Treatment Of Someone Based Off Their Gender961 Words   |  4 PagesIn modern society gender inequality is the unequal treatment of someone based off their gender rather than their varying skills, abilities, and characteristics. In our society gender equality can be hard to notice sometimes but in other cases it is very obvious such as pay scale for jobs. Many efforts have been taken in the past to get rid of this unequal gap between genders especially in the modern workplace. It is difficulty for many of us to think about gender inequality especially considering